Hydrogen.gov | C. Bulk Hydrogen Storage

C. Bulk Hydrogen Storage

1. Underground Storage
Description: Potentially needed for hydrogen delivery terminals, seasonal and surge capacity storage, and hydrogen production facilities. Goal: Reduce diffusion of hydrogen, Reduce cost of storage field development

a) Analysis

i. Develop tools to identify geologic structures with promising permeability characteristics.

b) Testing

i. Acquire data on diffusion characteristics of underground tanks.

c) Novel systems

i. Alternative cushion gases coupled with membrane separation of hydrogen.

2. Gaseous Storage
Description: Potentially needed for stationary fuel cell systems, vehicle fueling facilities, hydrogen delivery terminals, surge capacity storage, and hydrogen production facilities.
Goal: Reduce cost, Reduce venting losses

a) Solid material storage for low-pressure hydrogen

b) High-pressure tank materials

i. Metal ceramic composites

ii. Improved resins

iii. Fibers

c) Hydrogen detection

i. Odorants

d) Analysis

i. Life-cycle performance

ii. Life-cycle cost

iii. Durability of composite tanks

iv. Efficiency

3. Cryogenic Storage
Description: Potentially needed for stationary fuel cell systems, vehicle fueling facilities, hydrogen delivery terminals, surge capacity storage, and hydrogen production facilities.
Goal: Reduce cost, Reduce boil-off losses

a) New concepts for storage-delivery systems

b) Tank materials

i. Metal ceramic composites

ii. Improved resins

iii. Fibers

iv. Test procedures

c) Analysis

i. Life-cycle performance

ii. Life-cycle cost

iii. Durability of composite tanks

iv. Efficiency

d) Hydrogen detection

i. Odorants

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